The surname Barmer is of German origin, first appearing in records from the 13th century. It is believed to have derived from the Old German word 'bar', meaning bare or open, and was likely an occupational surname given to those who lived or worked in open fields or clearings.
One of the earliest known bearers of the name was Johannes Barmer, a farmer recorded in the town of Münster in 1297. The name was also found in various forms, such as Barmir, Barmyr, and Barmere, in medieval documents from the regions of Westphalia and Lower Saxony.
In the 15th century, the surname appeared in the Bützow town records of Mecklenburg, where a Hans Barmer was mentioned in 1467. Around the same time, a Johann Barmer was recorded as a resident of the city of Hamburg in 1472.
The Barmer name gained prominence in the 16th century, with notable individuals such as Martin Barmer (1534-1592), a Lutheran theologian and author from Nuremberg, and Christoph Barmer (1599-1674), a German jurist and professor of law at the University of Tübingen.
In the 17th century, the name spread to other parts of Europe, including the Netherlands, where a merchant named Pieter Barmer (1628-1701) was recorded in Amsterdam. In England, the Barmer surname appeared in the early 18th century, with records showing a William Barmer (1712-1785) as a landowner in Yorkshire.
Throughout history, several other notable individuals have borne the Barmer surname, including Johann Barmer (1785-1858), a German mathematician and astronomer, and August Barmer (1828-1902), a German-American poet and writer.