The surname Forks has its origins in England, dating back to the late 12th century. It is believed to have originated from a place name, possibly referring to a location near a fork in a river or a road. The earliest recorded spelling of the surname was Forkis, which appeared in the Pipe Rolls of Gloucestershire in 1196.
In medieval times, surnames were often derived from geographical features or occupations. The name Forks may have been initially given to someone who lived near a fork or junction, or perhaps to someone who worked with forks, such as a blacksmith or a farmer.
One of the earliest recorded instances of the surname Forks can be found in the Hundred Rolls of Oxfordshire from 1273, where a William de la Forkes is mentioned. This spelling suggests a Norman-French influence, as many surnames were anglicized after the Norman Conquest of 1066.
In the 14th century, the surname appeared in various forms, including Forkes, Forks, and Forkys. The Lay Subsidy Rolls of Worcestershire from 1327 list a John Forkes, while the Subsidy Rolls of Yorkshire from 1379 mention a Richard Forkys.
One notable bearer of the surname was Sir John Forks, a knight who fought in the Wars of the Roses during the 15th century. He was born in Northamptonshire around 1430 and served under King Edward IV.
Another historical figure was Thomas Forks, a merchant and alderman in the city of York during the late 16th century. He was born in 1548 and played a significant role in the city's trade and governance.
In the 17th century, the surname Forks appeared in various parish records across England. For example, the baptismal records of St. Mary's Church in Bury St. Edmunds, Suffolk, mention the birth of Elizabeth Forks in 1624.
During the English Civil War, a Captain William Forks fought for the Parliamentarian forces under Oliver Cromwell. He was born in Cambridgeshire in 1608 and is recorded as having participated in several battles between 1642 and 1651.
Another notable bearer of the surname was Edward Forks, a scholar and clergyman who lived in the late 17th and early 18th centuries. He was born in Lincolnshire in 1670 and served as the rector of St. Peter's Church in Nottingham from 1705 until his death in 1739.