The surname Cuttler is of English origin, traced back to the medieval occupation of a cutler, or someone who made and sold knives, scissors, and other cutting implements. The name derives from the Old English word "cutelere," which itself came from the Old French "coutelier."
Cuttlers were skilled craftsmen essential to everyday life in medieval times. The Worshipful Company of Cutlers, a livery company in London, dates back to the 13th century, indicating the antiquity of the trade and the surname. Early records show the name spelled various ways, such as Cutler, Cutlere, Cuttler, and Cuttellere.
One of the earliest documented instances of the surname Cuttler appears in the Hundred Rolls of 1273, a census of landowners in England. This record lists a Richard le Cutteler from Norfolk. Another early mention is found in the Yorkshire Poll Tax of 1379, which includes a John Cutteler.
In the 16th century, a Cuttler family resided in the village of Smethcott, Shropshire. A John Cuttler was born there around 1530. The nearby town of Cuttlestowne likely derived its name from this family. In 1586, William Cuttler, a renowned clockmaker, was born in Wheldrake, Yorkshire. He later served as a Warden of the Worshipful Company of Clockmakers.
During the English Civil War, Colonel Thomas Cuttler (1613-1661) fought for the Parliamentarian forces, commanding a regiment of dragoons. He was present at the Battle of Naseby in 1645. After the war, he served as Governor of Gloucester and Hereford.
Nathaniel Cuttler (1623-1694) was an English clergyman and academic who became President of Corpus Christi College, Oxford, in 1686. He published several theological works during his lifetime.
In the 18th century, Sir John Cuttler (1728-1791) was a prominent British naval officer who served with distinction in the Seven Years' War and the American Revolutionary War. He was knighted for his service in 1778.