NameCensus.

UK surname

Hack

An English occupational surname for someone who made or used hoes, mattocks, or other cutting tools.

In the 1881 census there were 1,054 people recorded with the Hack surname, ranking it #3,738 among surnames in the records. By 2016, the modern count was 1,404, ranked #4,342, down from #3,738 in 1881.

The strongest historical links point to Bristol City: St Mary Redcliff, London parishes and Loughborough. In the modern distribution records, the strongest local clusters include Melton, North Norfolk and Waverley.

Across the surname records, the highest recorded count for Hack is 1,520 in 1911. Compared with 1881, the name has grown by 33.2%.

1881 census count

1,054

Ranked #3,738

Modern count

1,404

2016, ranked #4,342

Peak year

1911

1,520 bearers

Map years

9

1851 to 2016

Key insights

  • Hack had 1,054 recorded bearers in 1881, making it the #3,738 surname in that year.
  • The latest modern count shown here is 1,404 in 2016, ranked #4,342.
  • Within the historical census years, the highest count was 1,520 in 1911.
  • The contemporary neighbourhood profile most associated with the surname is Ageing Communities.

Hack surname distribution map

The map shows where the Hack surname is concentrated in each census or modern distribution year. Darker areas mean a stronger local concentration.

Distribution map

Hack surname density by area, 1881 census.

Loading map
Lower densityMedium densityHigh density

Timeline

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Hack over time

The table below tracks recorded surname counts and rank from the 19th-century census years through the modern adult-register period.

Year Period Count Rank
1851 historical 796 #3,353
1861 historical 1,360 #2,109
1881 historical 1,054 #3,738
1891 historical 1,453 #3,016
1901 historical 1,224 #4,041
1911 historical 1,520 #3,185
1997 modern 1,378 #4,190
1998 modern 1,408 #4,255
1999 modern 1,400 #4,300
2000 modern 1,373 #4,363
2001 modern 1,337 #4,378
2002 modern 1,389 #4,321
2003 modern 1,358 #4,321
2004 modern 1,405 #4,205
2005 modern 1,384 #4,223
2006 modern 1,352 #4,313
2007 modern 1,335 #4,391
2008 modern 1,364 #4,342
2009 modern 1,392 #4,354
2010 modern 1,438 #4,320
2011 modern 1,422 #4,316
2012 modern 1,401 #4,301
2013 modern 1,404 #4,357
2014 modern 1,430 #4,320
2015 modern 1,424 #4,299
2016 modern 1,404 #4,342

Geography

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Where Hacks are most common

Historical parish links are strongest around Bristol City: St Mary Redcliff, London parishes, Loughborough, Lambeth and Farnham. These are the places where the surname stands out most clearly in the older records.

The modern local-area list points to Melton, North Norfolk, Waverley, Cornwall and South Hams. Treat these as concentration signals, not proof that every family line began there.

Some modern areas include a three-digit suffix, such as Leeds 110. The suffix is a small-area code, so it stays in the table while the prose uses the plain place name.

Top historical parishes

Rank Parish Area
1 Bristol City: St Mary Redcliff Gloucestershire
2 London parishes London 3
3 Loughborough Leicestershire
4 Lambeth London (South Districts)
5 Farnham Surrey

Top modern areas

Rank Area District
1 Melton 004 Melton
2 North Norfolk 001 North Norfolk
3 Waverley 006 Waverley
4 Cornwall 072 Cornwall
5 South Hams 010 South Hams

Forenames

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First names often paired with Hack

These lists show first names that appear often with the Hack surname in historical and recent records.

Modern profile

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Neighbourhood profile for Hack

Modern surname records can be compared with neighbourhood classifications. For Hack, this points to the kinds of places where the surname is most concentrated today.

These neighbourhood labels describe areas, not individual people. They are useful because surnames often cluster through family history, migration, housing patterns and local work. A surname can be strongest in one type of neighbourhood even when people with that name live across the country.

The UK classification gives the national picture. The London classification is more specific to the capital, where housing, age profile, tenure and population mix can look quite different from the rest of the UK.

UK neighbourhood type

UK Output Area Classification

Supergroup

Suburbanites and Peri-Urbanities

Group

Ageing Communities

Nationally, the Hack surname is most associated with neighbourhoods classed as Ageing Communities, within Suburbanites and Peri-Urbanities. This does not mean every Hack household fits that profile, but it gives a useful signal about where the modern surname distribution is strongest.

Read profile summary

Group profile

Many residents are of normal retirement age or above and live in communal establishments, and there are few dependent children. The dominant property type is a mix of retirement flats and detached houses. Those in work are likely to be employed in managerial and professional occupations, and many residents are educated to degree level. Levels of owner occupation are high, but the private rental sector is also present. Rural locations predominate.

Wider pattern

Pervasive throughout the UK, members of this Supergroup typically own (or are buying) their detached, semi-detached or terraced homes. They are also typically educated to A Level/Highers or degree level and work in skilled or professional occupations. Typically born in the UK, some families have children, although the median adult age is above 45 and some property has become under-occupied after children have left home. This Supergroup is pervasive not only in suburban locations, but also in neighbourhoods at or beyond the edge of cities that adjoin rural parts of the country.

London neighbourhood type

London Output Area Classification

Supergroup

Older Residents in Owner-Occupied Suburbs

Group

London Fringe

Within London, Hack is most associated with areas classed as London Fringe, part of Older Residents in Owner-Occupied Suburbs. This gives the surname a London-specific profile rather than forcing the capital into the same pattern as the rest of the country.

Read profile summary

Group profile

Predominantly located in neighbourhoods on the outskirts of Greater London, residents of these neighbourhoods typically have their highest qualifications below degree (Level 4) level, with those still in work engaged in skilled trades and occupations in distribution, hotels and restaurants. There is low ethnic diversity in these neighbourhoods and high levels of Christian religious affiliation. Detached or terraced houses predominate, often with spare rooms.

Wider London pattern

The age distribution of these neighbourhoods is skewed towards the middle-aged and old, although few residents live alone or in communal establishments and numbers of dependent children are around average. Owner occupation is the norm, as is residence in detached or semi-detached houses. Residential densities are low and many households have spare rooms. Most residents were born in the UK and, aside from some identifying as members of Chinese or Indian ethnicities, identify as White. Mixed ethnicity households are rare. Incidence of married couples is higher than average and few individuals have never been married. A large proportion of individuals still in employment work in administrative and secretarial occupations, or in the construction industry. Few residents are students, and many households own more than one car.

Healthy neighbourhoods

Access to healthy assets and hazards

Hack is most concentrated in decile 5 for access to healthy assets and hazards. This places the surname near the middle of the scale.

Lower deciles point towards weaker access to healthy assets or stronger exposure to local hazards. Higher deciles point towards stronger access and fewer hazards.

5
Lower access Higher access

Neighbourhood deprivation

Index of Multiple Deprivation

Hack falls in decile 6 for neighbourhood deprivation. This puts the surname near the middle of the scale.

Decile 1 represents the more deprived end of the scale. Decile 10 represents the less deprived end.

6
More deprived Less deprived

Broadband speed

Fixed broadband download speed

The modern neighbourhood pattern for Hack is most associated with a typical fixed broadband download band of 30-40 mbit/s.

The scale below places that band in context, from slower local download bands through to faster ones.

6
Slower band Faster band

Area snapshot

Ethnic group estimate

Most common ethnic group estimate
White - British

This describes the area pattern most associated with Hack, not the ethnicity of every person with the surname.

Meaning and origin of Hack

The surname "HACK" has its origins in England, where it first emerged in the 13th century. The name is believed to be derived from the Old English word "haecc," which means a gate or a grating, referring to a person who lived near such a structure or worked as a gatekeeper.

One of the earliest records of the name can be found in the Hundredorum Rolls of Oxfordshire from 1273, where it appears as "William atte Hack." This entry suggests that the name may have originally been a descriptive surname given to someone living near a gate or hatch.

In the 14th century, the name can be found in various forms, such as "de la Hack" and "atte Hak," which further reinforces the connection to gates or hatches. The variant spelling "Hack" became more common in the 15th and 16th centuries.

One notable historical figure with the surname "HACK" was Sir John Hack, a Member of Parliament for Coventry in the 16th century. He was born around 1530 and played a role in the English Reformation under Queen Elizabeth I.

Another early bearer of the name was Thomas Hack, a merchant and shipowner from Bristol, England, who lived in the late 16th and early 17th centuries. He was involved in the early colonization efforts in North America and helped finance expeditions to Virginia.

In the 17th century, the name can be found in various records, including the Subsidy Rolls of Suffolk from 1626, which lists a William Hack. During this period, the name also appears in connection with places like Hackney in London, suggesting a possible link to a location with a similar name.

One notable figure from the 18th century was Sir Henry Hack, a British naval officer who was born in 1708 and served during the Seven Years' War. He rose to the rank of Vice Admiral and played a significant role in several naval battles.

In the 19th century, the name "HACK" was associated with several prominent individuals, including Maria Hack, an English author and poet who lived from 1777 to 1844. She published several works of poetry and prose and was known for her support of abolition and women's rights.

Overall, the surname "HACK" has a rich history that can be traced back to medieval England, where it was likely derived from a connection to gates or hatches. Throughout the centuries, the name has been associated with various notable individuals across different fields, reflecting its enduring presence in English society.

Sourced from namecensus.com.

1881 census detail

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Hack families in the 1881 census

These tables use 1881 census entries for people recorded with the Hack surname. Use the location tables for concentration, then the name and occupation tables for the people behind the surname.

Top counties

Total is the county count. Frequency and index adjust for local population size, so they are better concentration signals. Surrey leads with 223 Hacks recorded in 1881 and an index of 4.48x.

County Total Index
Surrey 223 4.48x
Middlesex 182 1.78x
Leicestershire 117 10.33x
Hampshire 114 5.45x
Bedfordshire 63 11.91x
Lincolnshire 63 3.86x
Gloucestershire 44 2.20x
Somerset 40 2.43x
Sussex 23 1.34x
Rutland 21 28.00x
Kent 19 0.55x
Essex 17 0.84x
Nottinghamshire 13 0.94x
Derbyshire 12 0.75x
Yorkshire 12 0.12x
Staffordshire 11 0.32x
Worcestershire 10 0.75x
Cheshire 8 0.35x
Lancashire 8 0.07x
Northamptonshire 8 0.83x
Warwickshire 6 0.23x
Hertfordshire 5 0.71x
Dorset 4 0.60x
Fife 4 0.66x
Berkshire 3 0.39x
Lanarkshire 3 0.09x
Oxfordshire 3 0.48x
Buckinghamshire 2 0.32x
Devon 2 0.09x
Huntingdonshire 2 0.99x
Suffolk 2 0.16x
Midlothian 1 0.07x
Norfolk 1 0.06x
Wiltshire 1 0.11x

Top districts and towns

Districts give a more local view than counties. Total shows raw records, while frequency and index show local concentration. Farnham in Surrey leads with 98 Hacks recorded in 1881 and an index of 253.23x.

Place Total Index
Farnham 98 253.23x
Camberwell 24 3.68x
Islington London 24 2.42x
Lambeth 24 2.69x
Westbury On Trym 23 33.89x
Leighton Buzzard 21 92.31x
Loughborough 21 40.86x
Hackney London 20 3.49x
Leicester St Margaret 20 7.24x
Clevedon 17 99.42x
Bramshott 14 271.32x
Melton Mowbray 14 68.76x
Bermondsey 13 4.28x
Botley 13 344.83x
West Ham 12 2.70x
Greetham 11 539.22x
Shoreditch London 11 2.48x
Staines 11 68.03x
Chesterfield 10 16.68x
Southwark St John 10 32.01x
St Marylebone London 10 1.83x
Woking 10 33.34x
Chalgrave 9 294.12x
Chelsea London 9 2.92x
Heath Reach 9 239.36x
Reigate Borough 9 78.40x
Southampton All Sts 9 25.06x
Walton In Gordano 9 514.29x
Little Ponton 8 1000.00x
Plumstead 8 6.89x
Portsea 8 1.95x
Snenton 8 14.79x
Southampton St Mary 8 6.08x
Brighton 7 2.01x
Chester St Oswald 7 17.15x
Clapham 7 5.48x
Crowland 7 68.36x
East Bedfont 7 138.07x
Edmonton 7 8.51x
Enfield 7 10.45x
Hampton London 7 41.69x
Holwell 7 752.69x
Leicester St Leonard 7 65.30x
Spalding 7 21.60x
St George In East London 7 7.29x
Feckenham 6 39.32x
Finchley 6 15.32x
Frensham 6 82.08x
Hammersmith London 6 2.38x
Houghton Regis 6 71.17x
Milborne Port 6 91.19x
Sedbergh 6 160.86x
Silk Willoughby 6 612.24x
St Mary Extra 6 35.61x
Toddington 6 79.16x
West Bromwich 6 3.04x
Asfordby 5 265.96x
Aspley Guise 5 98.81x
Birmingham 5 0.58x
Broxbourne 5 35.84x
Burton Lazars 5 588.24x
Cottingham 5 151.06x
Dowsby 5 877.19x
Grantham 5 23.50x
Hampstead London 5 3.14x
Holy Rood 5 118.20x
Kensington London 5 0.88x
Liverpool 5 0.68x
New Shoreham 5 48.45x
Soberton 5 129.87x
Thrussington 5 234.74x
Totternhoe 5 202.43x
Baston 4 147.60x
Clifton 4 3.95x
Exton 4 175.44x
Headley 4 70.30x
Poole St James 4 15.88x
South Stoneham 4 8.81x
Streatham 4 5.28x
Worle 4 117.99x

Top female names

These are the female first names most often recorded with the Hack surname in 1881. Names are not merged, so initials, variant spellings and transcription quirks can appear as separate rows.

Name Count
Mary 61
Elizabeth 56
Sarah 41
Ellen 21
Eliza 20
Alice 18
Charlotte 16
Ann 15
Jane 15
Louisa 14
Annie 13
Caroline 11
Fanny 11
Emily 9
Margaret 9
Agnes 8
Edith 8
Emma 8
Florence 8
Hannah 7
Kate 7
Ada 6
Martha 6
Eleanor 5
Elizth. 5
Maria 5
Clara 4
Harriet 4
Harriett 4
Laura 4
Anne 3
Catherine 3
Grace 3
Isabel 3
Lucy 3
Rosa 3
Rose 3
Anna 2
Bridget 2
Esther 2
Ethel 2
Francis 2
Julia 2
Lilian 2
Lonora 2
Matilda 2
Maude 2
May 2
Minnie 2
Nellie 2

Top male names

These are the male first names most often recorded with the Hack surname in 1881. Names are not merged, so initials, variant spellings and transcription quirks can appear as separate rows.

Name Count
William 74
John 46
Charles 40
George 39
James 29
Thomas 27
Henry 22
Arthur 14
Richard 14
Alfred 13
Frederick 13
Joseph 13
Albert 11
Harry 10
Robert 10
Edward 9
Samuel 6
Edwin 5
Ernest 5
Walter 4
Frank 3
Jabez 3
Stephen 3
Sydney 3
Allen 2
Andrew 2
Benjamin 2
Daniel 2
Eli 2
Herbert 2
Mark 2
Mathew 2
Matthew 2
Sidney 2
Benjmin 1
Bennett 1
Chas. 1
Ebenezer 1
Edgar 1
Fred 1
Fredrick 1
Gareth 1
Infant 1
Isaac 1
Jacob 1
Jeffry 1
Jesse 1
Jos 1
Josiah 1
Wm.Jos. 1

FAQ

Hack surname: questions and answers

How common was the Hack surname in 1881?

In 1881, 1,054 people were recorded with the Hack surname. That placed it at #3,738 in the surname rankings for that year.

How common is the Hack surname today?

The latest modern count shown here is 1,404 in 2016. That gives Hack a modern rank of #4,342.

What does the Hack surname mean?

An English occupational surname for someone who made or used hoes, mattocks, or other cutting tools.

What does the Hack map show?

The map shows local surname concentration for the selected year. Darker areas have a stronger concentration of Hack bearers relative to the surrounding population.

What records is this surname page based on?

The historical counts come from census surname records. The modern counts and neighbourhood summaries come from later surname distribution records. Counts are recorded bearers in those records, not a live estimate of everyone with the name today.