The surname Barder is believed to have originated in England during the medieval period. It is thought to be derived from the Old English word "baerder," which referred to a person who made or carried a bard, a type of leather protective covering worn by soldiers and knights in battle.
One of the earliest recorded instances of the name Barder can be found in the Pipe Rolls of Staffordshire from the year 1196, where a person named Richard le Barder is mentioned. This suggests that the name was already in use by the late 12th century in this region of central England.
In the Hundred Rolls of 1273, a record of landowners and tenants in various English counties, there are several entries for individuals with the surname Barder or variations such as Bardour and Bardere. These include John le Bardere in Oxfordshire and William le Bardour in Berkshire.
The Barder surname is also found in various medieval manorial records and tax rolls from different parts of England, indicating its widespread presence across the country during this time. For example, the Manor Court Rolls of Downham in Norfolk from the 14th century mention a Thomas Barder.
One notable early bearer of the Barder surname was Sir John Barder, a knight who served in the army of King Edward III during the Hundred Years' War with France in the mid-14th century. He fought in several major battles, including the Battle of Crécy in 1346.
Another individual with this surname was Robert Barder, a merchant and alderman in the city of London during the 15th century. Records show that he was a member of the Worshipful Company of Mercers, one of the oldest livery companies in the city.
In the 16th century, there are records of a family named Barder residing in the village of Chipping Campden in Gloucestershire. One member of this family, Thomas Barder (c. 1540-1608), was a prominent wool merchant and benefactor who helped fund the construction of a market hall and other buildings in the village.
Throughout the centuries, variations in the spelling of the Barder surname have been found, such as Bardar, Bardour, Bardere, and Bardor. These variations likely arose due to the inconsistent spelling practices of the time and the influence of regional dialects and accents.