NameCensus.

UK surname

Cromack

A Northern English surname derived from the Middle English "crome", meaning a bent or crooked person.

In the 1881 census there were 379 people recorded with the Cromack surname, ranking it #8,268 among surnames in the records. By 2016, the modern count was 485, ranked #10,205, down from #8,268 in 1881.

The strongest historical links point to Calverley, Bradford and Hemel Hempstead. In the modern distribution records, the strongest local clusters include Kirklees, Leeds and Breckland.

Across the surname records, the highest recorded count for Cromack is 516 in 2010. Compared with 1881, the name has grown by 28.0%.

1881 census count

379

Ranked #8,268

Modern count

485

2016, ranked #10,205

Peak year

2010

516 bearers

Map years

9

1851 to 2016

Key insights

  • Cromack had 379 recorded bearers in 1881, making it the #8,268 surname in that year.
  • The latest modern count shown here is 485 in 2016, ranked #10,205.
  • Within the historical census years, the highest count was 475 in 1911.
  • The contemporary neighbourhood profile most associated with the surname is Rural Amenity.

Cromack surname distribution map

The map shows where the Cromack surname is concentrated in each census or modern distribution year. Darker areas mean a stronger local concentration.

Distribution map

Cromack surname density by area, 1881 census.

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Lower densityMedium densityHigh density

Timeline

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Cromack over time

The table below tracks recorded surname counts and rank from the 19th-century census years through the modern adult-register period.

Year Period Count Rank
1851 historical 221 #9,630
1861 historical 221 #11,031
1881 historical 379 #8,268
1891 historical 343 #9,994
1901 historical 409 #9,338
1911 historical 475 #8,144
1997 modern 478 #9,627
1998 modern 483 #9,853
1999 modern 484 #9,917
2000 modern 484 #9,873
2001 modern 469 #9,927
2002 modern 471 #10,076
2003 modern 462 #10,045
2004 modern 467 #10,013
2005 modern 460 #10,042
2006 modern 461 #10,054
2007 modern 482 #9,831
2008 modern 484 #9,877
2009 modern 489 #10,034
2010 modern 516 #9,808
2011 modern 505 #9,884
2012 modern 485 #10,089
2013 modern 501 #10,006
2014 modern 506 #9,991
2015 modern 495 #10,070
2016 modern 485 #10,205

Geography

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Where Cromacks are most common

Historical parish links are strongest around Calverley, Bradford, Hemel Hempstead, Rothwell and Leeds. These are the places where the surname stands out most clearly in the older records.

The modern local-area list points to Kirklees, Leeds, Breckland and Sunderland. Treat these as concentration signals, not proof that every family line began there.

Some modern areas include a three-digit suffix, such as Leeds 110. The suffix is a small-area code, so it stays in the table while the prose uses the plain place name.

Top historical parishes

Rank Parish Area
1 Calverley Yorkshire, West Riding
2 Bradford Yorkshire, West Riding
3 Hemel Hempstead Hertfordshire
4 Rothwell Yorkshire, West Riding
5 Leeds Yorkshire, West Riding

Top modern areas

Rank Area District
1 Kirklees 018 Kirklees
2 Leeds 067 Leeds
3 Breckland 011 Breckland
4 Sunderland 005 Sunderland
5 Kirklees 041 Kirklees

Forenames

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First names often paired with Cromack

These lists show first names that appear often with the Cromack surname in historical and recent records.

Modern profile

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Neighbourhood profile for Cromack

Modern surname records can be compared with neighbourhood classifications. For Cromack, this points to the kinds of places where the surname is most concentrated today.

These neighbourhood labels describe areas, not individual people. They are useful because surnames often cluster through family history, migration, housing patterns and local work. A surname can be strongest in one type of neighbourhood even when people with that name live across the country.

The UK classification gives the national picture. The London classification is more specific to the capital, where housing, age profile, tenure and population mix can look quite different from the rest of the UK.

UK neighbourhood type

UK Output Area Classification

Supergroup

Suburbanites and Peri-Urbanities

Group

Rural Amenity

Nationally, the Cromack surname is most associated with neighbourhoods classed as Rural Amenity, within Suburbanites and Peri-Urbanities. This does not mean every Cromack household fits that profile, but it gives a useful signal about where the modern surname distribution is strongest.

Read profile summary

Group profile

This Group comprises older parents or retirees, with no resident dependent children, and with the lowest residential densities in this Supergroup. Predominantly UK-born, residents typically live in detached houses, although others do live in semi-detached and terraced properties. The level of multiple car ownership is the highest in this Supergroup. Most houses are owner occupied although social renting is also present. Many concentrations occur in high amenity rural locations, such as Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty.

Wider pattern

Pervasive throughout the UK, members of this Supergroup typically own (or are buying) their detached, semi-detached or terraced homes. They are also typically educated to A Level/Highers or degree level and work in skilled or professional occupations. Typically born in the UK, some families have children, although the median adult age is above 45 and some property has become under-occupied after children have left home. This Supergroup is pervasive not only in suburban locations, but also in neighbourhoods at or beyond the edge of cities that adjoin rural parts of the country.

London neighbourhood type

London Output Area Classification

Supergroup

The Greater London Mix

Group

Social Rented Sector Professional Support Workers

Within London, Cromack is most associated with areas classed as Social Rented Sector Professional Support Workers, part of The Greater London Mix. This gives the surname a London-specific profile rather than forcing the capital into the same pattern as the rest of the country.

Read profile summary

Group profile

Mainly located in Inner London, these neighbourhoods retain a diverse employment structure, with some concentration in associated professional and technical occupations rather than skilled trades or construction. Social renting is more common and levels of homeownership are low. Many residents identify as Black. There is a lower than average rate of marriage or civil partnership, few that are very old (85 or over) and higher than average incidence of disability.

Wider London pattern

A Supergroup embodying London's diversity in many respects, apart from low numbers of residents identifying as of Bangladeshi, Indian, Pakistani or Other (non-Chinese) Asian ethnicity. There is lower than average prevalence of families with dependent children, while there are above average occurrences of never-married individuals and single-person households. The age distribution is skewed towards younger, single residents and couples without children, with many individuals identifying as of mixed or multiple ethnicity. Social rented or private rented housing is slightly more prevalent than average, and many residents live in flats. Individuals typically work in professional and associated roles in public administration, education or health rather than in elementary occupations in agriculture, energy, water, construction or manufacturing. Incidence of students is slightly below average. Individuals declaring no religion are more prevalent than average and non-use of English at home is below average.

Healthy neighbourhoods

Access to healthy assets and hazards

Cromack is most concentrated in decile 9 for access to healthy assets and hazards. This places the surname towards the healthier end of the index.

Lower deciles point towards weaker access to healthy assets or stronger exposure to local hazards. Higher deciles point towards stronger access and fewer hazards.

9
Lower access Higher access

Neighbourhood deprivation

Index of Multiple Deprivation

Cromack falls in decile 1 for neighbourhood deprivation. This puts the surname towards the more deprived end of the index.

Decile 1 represents the more deprived end of the scale. Decile 10 represents the less deprived end.

1
More deprived Less deprived

Broadband speed

Fixed broadband download speed

The modern neighbourhood pattern for Cromack is most associated with a typical fixed broadband download band of 50-60 mbit/s.

The scale below places that band in context, from slower local download bands through to faster ones.

8
Slower band Faster band

Area snapshot

Ethnic group estimate

Most common ethnic group estimate
White - British

This describes the area pattern most associated with Cromack, not the ethnicity of every person with the surname.

Meaning and origin of Cromack

The surname Cromack has its origins in Scotland, with records indicating it first emerged in the 15th century. It is believed to be derived from the Scottish Gaelic phrase "crom achadh," which translates to "crooked field" or "bent field." This suggests the name may have originally referred to a person who lived near or worked on a crooked or irregularly shaped plot of land.

One of the earliest known references to the name can be found in the records of the Clan Mackay, a Scottish clan based in the far north of the Scottish Highlands. In these records, a person named Angus Cromack is mentioned as a member of the clan in the late 1400s. This suggests the name had already become established in this region by that time.

In the 16th century, the name appears in various legal documents and court records from the Scottish Lowlands, particularly in the areas around Edinburgh and the Scottish Borders. A notable example is Robert Cromack, a merchant from Haddington who was involved in a legal dispute over a land transaction in 1542.

As the name spread throughout Scotland, it underwent various spelling variations, such as Cromak, Crommack, and Crummock. These variations likely arose due to regional dialects and the inconsistent spelling conventions of the time.

One of the earliest known bearers of the name outside of Scotland was John Cromack, an English soldier who fought in the English Civil War during the 1640s. He is mentioned in several accounts of battles and campaigns, suggesting he may have been a notable figure within the Parliamentarian forces.

Another notable individual with the surname was William Cromack, a Scottish philosopher and educator who lived in the late 17th century. He was a professor at the University of Edinburgh and wrote several influential works on moral philosophy and ethics.

In the 18th century, the name appeared in various records from the American colonies, indicating that some Cromacks had emigrated from Scotland to the New World. One such individual was James Cromack, a merchant from Boston who was involved in the colonial trade with the West Indies in the 1770s.

Throughout the 19th century, the Cromack surname continued to be found in Scotland, England, and the United States, with some individuals achieving notable positions. For example, David Cromack was a successful businessman and philanthropist in Philadelphia in the mid-1800s, known for his support of various charitable causes.

Sourced from namecensus.com.

1881 census detail

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Cromack families in the 1881 census

These tables use 1881 census entries for people recorded with the Cromack surname. Use the location tables for concentration, then the name and occupation tables for the people behind the surname.

Top counties

Total is the county count. Frequency and index adjust for local population size, so they are better concentration signals. Yorkshire leads with 326 Cromacks recorded in 1881 and an index of 8.90x.

County Total Index
Yorkshire 326 8.90x
Hertfordshire 16 6.28x
Middlesex 10 0.27x
Durham 9 0.82x
Cheshire 4 0.49x
Gloucestershire 4 0.55x
Lancashire 4 0.09x
Northumberland 3 0.55x
Leicestershire 2 0.49x
Surrey 1 0.06x

Top districts and towns

Districts give a more local view than counties. Total shows raw records, while frequency and index show local concentration. Leeds in Yorkshire leads with 39 Cromacks recorded in 1881 and an index of 18.85x.

Place Total Index
Leeds 39 18.85x
Pudsey 31 158.32x
Sharlston 25 1041.67x
Armley 21 129.95x
Rothwell 18 243.24x
Hunslet 15 26.26x
Hemel Hempstead 14 121.95x
Huddersfield 11 20.61x
Farnley In Bramley 10 218.82x
Huddleston Cum Lumby 9 3000.00x
Bradford 8 9.02x
Hackney London 8 3.86x
Horton In Bradford 8 13.98x
Great Little Preston 7 666.67x
Heaton 7 177.67x
Ossett Cum Gawthorpe 7 53.48x
Holbeck 6 24.72x
Lepton 6 156.66x
Lofthouse Cum Carlton 6 134.53x
Rastrick 6 58.94x
South Milford 6 447.76x
Brampton Bierlow 5 106.61x
Halifax 5 9.30x
Kimberworth 5 24.59x
Monkwearmouth 5 47.48x
Rawdon 5 116.01x
Scarborough 5 15.02x
Sherburn 5 166.11x
Almondbury 4 22.59x
Bisley 4 60.88x
Headingley Cum Burley 4 16.96x
Hipperholme Cum 4 24.84x
Over 4 48.25x
Stockton On Tees 4 7.54x
Swillington 4 384.62x
Yeadon 4 48.37x
Beeston 3 80.86x
Bowling 3 8.27x
Bramley In Bramley 3 21.40x
Elswick 3 6.83x
Flaxby 3 3000.00x
Lockwood 3 22.76x
Thornhill 3 28.06x
Chorlton On Medlock 2 2.87x
Gildersome 2 45.45x
Great Little Marsden 2 9.95x
Methley 2 38.76x
Peatling Parva 2 1052.63x
Shipley 2 10.52x
Abbots Langley 1 26.39x
Bermondsey 1 0.91x
Calverley Cum Farsley 1 9.62x
Falsgrave 1 18.52x
Fewston 1 243.90x
Middlesbrough 1 2.10x
Mile End Old Town London 1 1.27x
Potter Newton 1 15.48x
Shadwell 1 71.94x
Watford 1 5.06x
Westminster St Margaret 1 5.61x

Top female names

These are the female first names most often recorded with the Cromack surname in 1881. Names are not merged, so initials, variant spellings and transcription quirks can appear as separate rows.

Name Count
Mary 22
Sarah 22
Elizabeth 15
Ann 9
Jane 8
Alice 6
Annie 6
Hannah 6
Martha 6
Ada 5
Emily 5
Clara 4
Eliza 4
Emma 4
Anne 3
Ellen 3
Grace 3
Harriet 3
Lydia 3
Margaret 3
Maria 3
Nancy 3
Rose 3
Susan 3
Beatrice 2
Charlotte 2
Harriot 2
Kate 2
Riscilla 2
Annice 1
Bertha 1
Betrice 1
Caroline 1
Cecila 1
Christiana 1
Edith 1
Elizth. 1
Emerliza 1
Eunice 1
Eva 1
Faith 1
Fanny 1
Henrietta 1
Isabella 1
Jemima 1
Julia 1
Letitia 1
Lilly 1
Louiesa 1
Zillah 1

Top male names

These are the male first names most often recorded with the Cromack surname in 1881. Names are not merged, so initials, variant spellings and transcription quirks can appear as separate rows.

FAQ

Cromack surname: questions and answers

How common was the Cromack surname in 1881?

In 1881, 379 people were recorded with the Cromack surname. That placed it at #8,268 in the surname rankings for that year.

How common is the Cromack surname today?

The latest modern count shown here is 485 in 2016. That gives Cromack a modern rank of #10,205.

What does the Cromack surname mean?

A Northern English surname derived from the Middle English "crome", meaning a bent or crooked person.

What does the Cromack map show?

The map shows local surname concentration for the selected year. Darker areas have a stronger concentration of Cromack bearers relative to the surrounding population.

What records is this surname page based on?

The historical counts come from census surname records. The modern counts and neighbourhood summaries come from later surname distribution records. Counts are recorded bearers in those records, not a live estimate of everyone with the name today.