NameCensus.

UK surname

Orchard

An English toponymic surname referring to someone who lived near or worked in an orchard or fruit garden.

In the 1881 census there were 3,164 people recorded with the Orchard surname, ranking it #1,421 among surnames in the records. By 2016, the modern count was 4,388, ranked #1,557, down from #1,421 in 1881.

The strongest historical links point to Bristol City: St Mary Redcliff, London parishes and Newchurch. In the modern distribution records, the strongest local clusters include Cornwall, Torridge and Purbeck.

Across the surname records, the highest recorded count for Orchard is 4,571 in 1998. Compared with 1881, the name has grown by 38.7%.

1881 census count

3,164

Ranked #1,421

Modern count

4,388

2016, ranked #1,557

Peak year

1998

4,571 bearers

Map years

9

1851 to 2016

Key insights

  • Orchard had 3,164 recorded bearers in 1881, making it the #1,421 surname in that year.
  • The latest modern count shown here is 4,388 in 2016, ranked #1,557.
  • Within the historical census years, the highest count was 4,346 in 1911.
  • The contemporary neighbourhood profile most associated with the surname is Rural Amenity.

Orchard surname distribution map

The map shows where the Orchard surname is concentrated in each census or modern distribution year. Darker areas mean a stronger local concentration.

Distribution map

Orchard surname density by area, 1881 census.

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Lower densityMedium densityHigh density

Timeline

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Orchard over time

The table below tracks recorded surname counts and rank from the 19th-century census years through the modern adult-register period.

Year Period Count Rank
1851 historical 2,032 #1,431
1861 historical 2,095 #1,382
1881 historical 3,164 #1,421
1891 historical 3,444 #1,383
1901 historical 4,023 #1,403
1911 historical 4,346 #1,192
1997 modern 4,393 #1,494
1998 modern 4,571 #1,486
1999 modern 4,545 #1,504
2000 modern 4,523 #1,505
2001 modern 4,409 #1,507
2002 modern 4,489 #1,507
2003 modern 4,359 #1,516
2004 modern 4,315 #1,532
2005 modern 4,176 #1,557
2006 modern 4,176 #1,565
2007 modern 4,229 #1,559
2008 modern 4,224 #1,567
2009 modern 4,349 #1,566
2010 modern 4,419 #1,569
2011 modern 4,345 #1,576
2012 modern 4,238 #1,583
2013 modern 4,413 #1,555
2014 modern 4,419 #1,565
2015 modern 4,376 #1,565
2016 modern 4,388 #1,557

Geography

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Where Orchards are most common

Historical parish links are strongest around Bristol City: St Mary Redcliff, London parishes, Newchurch and Sawley. These are the places where the surname stands out most clearly in the older records.

The modern local-area list points to Cornwall, Torridge and Purbeck. Treat these as concentration signals, not proof that every family line began there.

Some modern areas include a three-digit suffix, such as Leeds 110. The suffix is a small-area code, so it stays in the table while the prose uses the plain place name.

Top historical parishes

Rank Parish Area
1 Bristol City: St Mary Redcliff Gloucestershire
2 London parishes London 1
3 Newchurch Hampshire
4 Sawley Derbyshire
5 London parishes London 3

Top modern areas

Rank Area District
1 Cornwall 019 Cornwall
2 Cornwall 027 Cornwall
3 Torridge 008 Torridge
4 Torridge 009 Torridge
5 Purbeck 003 Purbeck

Forenames

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First names often paired with Orchard

These lists show first names that appear often with the Orchard surname in historical and recent records.

Modern profile

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Neighbourhood profile for Orchard

Modern surname records can be compared with neighbourhood classifications. For Orchard, this points to the kinds of places where the surname is most concentrated today.

These neighbourhood labels describe areas, not individual people. They are useful because surnames often cluster through family history, migration, housing patterns and local work. A surname can be strongest in one type of neighbourhood even when people with that name live across the country.

The UK classification gives the national picture. The London classification is more specific to the capital, where housing, age profile, tenure and population mix can look quite different from the rest of the UK.

UK neighbourhood type

UK Output Area Classification

Supergroup

Suburbanites and Peri-Urbanities

Group

Rural Amenity

Nationally, the Orchard surname is most associated with neighbourhoods classed as Rural Amenity, within Suburbanites and Peri-Urbanities. This does not mean every Orchard household fits that profile, but it gives a useful signal about where the modern surname distribution is strongest.

Read profile summary

Group profile

This Group comprises older parents or retirees, with no resident dependent children, and with the lowest residential densities in this Supergroup. Predominantly UK-born, residents typically live in detached houses, although others do live in semi-detached and terraced properties. The level of multiple car ownership is the highest in this Supergroup. Most houses are owner occupied although social renting is also present. Many concentrations occur in high amenity rural locations, such as Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty.

Wider pattern

Pervasive throughout the UK, members of this Supergroup typically own (or are buying) their detached, semi-detached or terraced homes. They are also typically educated to A Level/Highers or degree level and work in skilled or professional occupations. Typically born in the UK, some families have children, although the median adult age is above 45 and some property has become under-occupied after children have left home. This Supergroup is pervasive not only in suburban locations, but also in neighbourhoods at or beyond the edge of cities that adjoin rural parts of the country.

London neighbourhood type

London Output Area Classification

Supergroup

Older Residents in Owner-Occupied Suburbs

Group

London Fringe

Within London, Orchard is most associated with areas classed as London Fringe, part of Older Residents in Owner-Occupied Suburbs. This gives the surname a London-specific profile rather than forcing the capital into the same pattern as the rest of the country.

Read profile summary

Group profile

Predominantly located in neighbourhoods on the outskirts of Greater London, residents of these neighbourhoods typically have their highest qualifications below degree (Level 4) level, with those still in work engaged in skilled trades and occupations in distribution, hotels and restaurants. There is low ethnic diversity in these neighbourhoods and high levels of Christian religious affiliation. Detached or terraced houses predominate, often with spare rooms.

Wider London pattern

The age distribution of these neighbourhoods is skewed towards the middle-aged and old, although few residents live alone or in communal establishments and numbers of dependent children are around average. Owner occupation is the norm, as is residence in detached or semi-detached houses. Residential densities are low and many households have spare rooms. Most residents were born in the UK and, aside from some identifying as members of Chinese or Indian ethnicities, identify as White. Mixed ethnicity households are rare. Incidence of married couples is higher than average and few individuals have never been married. A large proportion of individuals still in employment work in administrative and secretarial occupations, or in the construction industry. Few residents are students, and many households own more than one car.

Healthy neighbourhoods

Access to healthy assets and hazards

Orchard is most concentrated in decile 5 for access to healthy assets and hazards. This places the surname near the middle of the scale.

Lower deciles point towards weaker access to healthy assets or stronger exposure to local hazards. Higher deciles point towards stronger access and fewer hazards.

5
Lower access Higher access

Neighbourhood deprivation

Index of Multiple Deprivation

Orchard falls in decile 4 for neighbourhood deprivation. This puts the surname near the middle of the scale.

Decile 1 represents the more deprived end of the scale. Decile 10 represents the less deprived end.

4
More deprived Less deprived

Broadband speed

Fixed broadband download speed

The modern neighbourhood pattern for Orchard is most associated with a typical fixed broadband download band of 30-40 mbit/s.

The scale below places that band in context, from slower local download bands through to faster ones.

6
Slower band Faster band

Area snapshot

Ethnic group estimate

Most common ethnic group estimate
White - British

This describes the area pattern most associated with Orchard, not the ethnicity of every person with the surname.

Meaning and origin of Orchard

The surname Orchard is of English origin and can be traced back to the late 12th century. It is a locational name derived from the Old English words "ort-geard", meaning a garden or orchard of fruit trees. The name originally referred to a person who lived near an orchard or worked as an orchard keeper.

Some of the earliest recorded instances of the Orchard surname can be found in the Pipe Rolls of Gloucestershire from 1190, where it is spelled as "de Orchard". The name also appears in the Subsidy Rolls of Sussex from 1296, listed as "Atte Orchard". These early spellings suggest that the name was initially a descriptive one, denoting someone who lived near or worked in an orchard.

In the Domesday Book of 1086, a record of landowners in England, there is an entry for a place called "Orcarde" in Somerset, which may have been the origin of some early instances of the Orchard surname.

One of the earliest known bearers of the Orchard surname was William de Orchard, who was recorded in the Feet of Fines for Essex in 1260. Another early instance was John Attorchard, who was mentioned in the Subsidy Rolls of Sussex in 1327.

Over the centuries, the surname Orchard has been associated with several notable individuals. These include:

1. Sir James Orchard (1653-1714), an English churchman and theologian who served as Bishop of Ely from 1705 until his death.

2. Robert Orchard (1608-1665), an English clergyman and author who wrote several religious works, including "The Portraiture of a Christian Gentleman".

3. Thomas Orchard (1785-1865), an English Baptist minister and author who wrote extensively on baptism and other theological topics.

4. Sir William Orchard (1825-1904), a British Army officer who served in the Crimean War and was later appointed Lieutenant-Governor of the Royal Military College, Sandhurst.

5. John Orchard (1928-2020), an English cricketer who played for Somerset County Cricket Club and represented England in six Test matches between 1951 and 1954.

While the Orchard surname has its roots in England, it has since spread to other parts of the world, particularly through immigration and settlement in various English-speaking countries.

Sourced from namecensus.com.

1881 census detail

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Orchard families in the 1881 census

These tables use 1881 census entries for people recorded with the Orchard surname. Use the location tables for concentration, then the name and occupation tables for the people behind the surname.

Top counties

Total is the county count. Frequency and index adjust for local population size, so they are better concentration signals. Middlesex leads with 353 Orchards recorded in 1881 and an index of 1.14x.

County Total Index
Middlesex 353 1.14x
Gloucestershire 315 5.17x
Hampshire 299 4.70x
Wiltshire 231 8.41x
Dorset 229 11.24x
Cornwall 213 6.06x
Somerset 205 4.10x
Devon 139 2.15x
Surrey 139 0.92x
Buckinghamshire 135 7.19x
Derbyshire 86 1.77x
Warwickshire 83 1.06x
Monmouthshire 74 3.30x
Staffordshire 62 0.59x
Leicestershire 55 1.60x
Kent 53 0.50x
Glamorgan 51 0.94x
Hertfordshire 51 2.38x
Essex 43 0.70x
Lancashire 42 0.11x
Berkshire 41 1.76x
Nottinghamshire 35 0.84x
Sussex 28 0.53x
Northamptonshire 21 0.72x
Yorkshire 21 0.07x
Oxfordshire 19 0.99x
Cheshire 17 0.25x
Worcestershire 16 0.39x
Brecknockshire 15 2.42x
Shropshire 14 0.52x
Channel Islands 12 1.30x
Bedfordshire 11 0.68x
Durham 10 0.11x
Lincolnshire 8 0.16x
Suffolk 8 0.21x
Northumberland 7 0.15x
Merionethshire 6 1.06x
Midlothian 6 0.14x
Renfrewshire 5 0.21x
Royal Navy 5 1.35x
Cumberland 4 0.15x
Inverness-shire 4 0.43x
Lanarkshire 4 0.04x
Aberdeenshire 2 0.07x
Herefordshire 2 0.16x
Caernarfonshire 1 0.08x
Kincardineshire 1 0.26x
Montgomeryshire 1 0.14x
Stirlingshire 1 0.09x

Top districts and towns

Districts give a more local view than counties. Total shows raw records, while frequency and index show local concentration. Hackney London in Middlesex leads with 57 Orchards recorded in 1881 and an index of 3.27x.

Place Total Index
Hackney London 57 3.27x
Bristol St Philip Jacob 46 8.02x
Lambeth 44 1.63x
Sithney 43 121.06x
Birmingham 40 1.53x
Long Eaton 40 62.34x
Bedwellty 38 9.59x
St Pancras London 36 1.44x
Wotton Under Edge 36 100.31x
Ryde 35 25.60x
Arreton 33 161.69x
Bedminster 33 7.03x
St George Hanover 30 7.40x
Nether Winchendon 29 1062.27x
Bethnal Green London 28 2.08x
Hemel Hempstead 27 28.00x
Soulbury 27 534.65x
West Ham 27 2.00x
Aldbourn 25 156.35x
Aston 25 1.16x
Brading 25 29.56x
St Helens 25 54.03x
Kensington London 24 1.39x
Portsea 24 1.92x
Ashby De La Zouch 22 27.57x
Potterne 22 178.72x
Battersea 21 1.84x
Walcot 21 7.89x
Bristol St Paul In 20 12.33x
Old Sodbury 20 262.81x
Southampton St Mary 20 5.00x
Bristol St George 19 6.75x
Portland 19 17.34x
Bristol St James St Paul 18 8.86x
Burton Upon Trent 18 7.34x
Clifton 18 5.85x
Bromley London 17 2.49x
Deptford St Paul 17 2.08x
Dulverton 17 116.12x
Earl Stoke 17 588.24x
Kinson 17 42.69x
Southwark Christchurch 17 11.68x
Corfe Castle 16 84.70x
Newchurch 16 110.88x
Plymouth St Andrew 16 3.21x
St Austell 16 13.32x
Carisbrooke 15 16.98x
Mile End Old Town 15 3.06x
Ramsbury 15 60.31x
Stoke Poges 15 65.53x
Cardiff St Mary 14 4.70x
Crowan 14 50.27x
Llanelly 14 18.85x
Monks Risborough 14 155.56x
Stapleford 14 41.19x
Warkworth 14 53.27x
Westbury 14 21.84x
Kington Langley 13 214.88x
Leicester St Margaret 13 1.55x
Camborne 12 8.28x
Chickerell 12 137.93x
Derby St Werburgh 12 4.28x
Keevil 12 299.25x
Litchurch 12 6.13x
Nottingham St Mary 12 1.11x
Paddington London 12 1.05x
Plymouth Charles The 12 4.21x
Reading St Giles 12 5.25x
Redruth 12 12.07x
Subdeanery 12 30.21x
Chelsea London 11 1.18x
Great Badminton 11 210.73x
Handsworth 11 4.26x
Stroud 11 9.28x
Trowbridge 11 9.06x
Bridport 10 23.84x
Chapel Allerton 10 377.36x
Jacobstow 10 219.78x
Tottenham 10 2.02x
Wareham Lady St Mary 10 63.53x

Top female names

These are the female first names most often recorded with the Orchard surname in 1881. Names are not merged, so initials, variant spellings and transcription quirks can appear as separate rows.

Name Count
Mary 209
Elizabeth 128
Sarah 86
Ellen 62
Jane 62
Eliza 60
Ann 55
Emily 55
Annie 47
Emma 46
Alice 38
Louisa 37
Fanny 27
Caroline 26
Edith 25
Hannah 25
Martha 22
Ada 19
Charlotte 19
Agnes 18
Harriet 18
Kate 18
Susan 18
Florence 17
Maria 17
Lucy 15
Sophia 14
Clara 12
Rose 12
Amelia 11
Catherine 11
Harriett 11
Anne 9
Beatrice 8
Julia 8
Margaret 8
Amy 7
Frances 7
Matilda 7
Rachel 7
Selina 7
Bessie 6
Elizth. 6
Esther 6
Francis 6
Laura 6
Rosina 6
Gertrude 5
Isabella 5
Lilly 5

Top male names

These are the male first names most often recorded with the Orchard surname in 1881. Names are not merged, so initials, variant spellings and transcription quirks can appear as separate rows.

Name Count
William 216
John 134
George 124
Thomas 93
Henry 90
Charles 85
James 83
Joseph 82
Frederick 40
Arthur 36
Edward 32
Robert 32
Alfred 29
Frank 29
Albert 28
Edwin 22
Richard 22
Samuel 22
Ernest 16
Francis 14
Harry 14
Walter 14
Fred 12
Isaac 12
Herbert 11
Wm. 10
Benjamin 8
Daniel 8
David 8
Edmund 7
Fredk. 7
Stephen 6
Sidney 5
Geo. 4
Hannibal 4
Thos. 4
Willm. 4
Abraham 3
Earnest 3
Edgar 3
Horace 3
Mark 3
Oliver 3
Paul 3
Percy 3
Rowland 3
Tom 3
Willie 3
Philip 2
Reginald 2

FAQ

Orchard surname: questions and answers

How common was the Orchard surname in 1881?

In 1881, 3,164 people were recorded with the Orchard surname. That placed it at #1,421 in the surname rankings for that year.

How common is the Orchard surname today?

The latest modern count shown here is 4,388 in 2016. That gives Orchard a modern rank of #1,557.

What does the Orchard surname mean?

An English toponymic surname referring to someone who lived near or worked in an orchard or fruit garden.

What does the Orchard map show?

The map shows local surname concentration for the selected year. Darker areas have a stronger concentration of Orchard bearers relative to the surrounding population.

What records is this surname page based on?

The historical counts come from census surname records. The modern counts and neighbourhood summaries come from later surname distribution records. Counts are recorded bearers in those records, not a live estimate of everyone with the name today.